Several animal studies have suggested that mercury can damage the pancreatic cells that are responsible for the body's production of insulin. More recent studies suggest a link between exposure to mercury and the incidence of type-2 diabetes in humans.
For example, in one study researchers followed over 3,800 people ages 20 to 32 for nearly 20 years and those with the highest levels of mercury had a 65% greater risk of developing diabetes over the study period compared with those having the lowest levels. This observational study does not prove that mercury causes diabetes, but there is a clear association. Many health authorities now advise that children and pregnant women avoid mercury entirely.
What to do? Avoid eating albacore tuna (light tuna has much lower mercury levels and should be limited but not necessarily avoided), shark, swordfish, tilefish and king mackerel. This is good news if you are a tilefish. Instead eat fish that are very low in or free from mercury. These include salmon, talapia and most freshwater fish - including catfish and trout.
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