Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 50. It is more common than glaucoma and cataracts combined. Once you have it, there is no cure.
The macula is the central part of the retina. The light sensitive cells of the macula are responsible for your central vision, what you see straight in front of you. When is degenerates, you begin to lose that central vision. AMD does not affect your peripheral vision so it does not cause complete blindness. But you need your central vision to read, drive, see ahead of you or work with your hands, so it is a severe handicap.
While there is no cure, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing the condition. The two biggest risk factors for AMD are age and genetics, and there is nothing you can do about those. But here are some things that you can control that will reduce your risk.
Smoking. Stop already. Just stop. How many times do you have to be told? If you smoke you are five times more likely to develop AMD than if you do not smoke.
Weight. Again. Get rid of the extra pounds. Stop making excuses and just do it. If I can, you can. Being obese doubles your risk of AMD.
Wear sunglasses. Blocking UV rays can reduce your risk, especially if you have blue eyes. Bonus: sunglasses also reduce your risk of developing cataracts.
Diet. Eat a diet rich in antioxidants. That means leafy greens and colorful vegetables and fruits. You should be doing this anyway.
Supplements. Two studies conducted by the National Eye Institute concluded that high doses of vitamins C and E, zinc, copper, lutein and zeaxanthin can help slow or even prevent the progression of AMD if you have it. (Remember, there is no cure.) You should be able to find this combination in the recommended doses at pharmacies or health food stores in a product called ARED2 (Age-Related Eye Disease Studies).
Perhaps the most important step you can take, especially if you are older than age 50, is to have an eye exam at least every 2 years. Early diagnosis and treatment is your best shot at slowing the progression of AMD.
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